lesson04 - MPPT Solar Charge Controller

 MPPT Solar Charge Controller

What is MPPT?
MPPT or Maximum Power Point Tracking is algorithm that included in charge controllers used for extracting maximum available power from PV module under certain conditions. The voltage at which PV module can produce maximum power is called ‘maximum power point’ (or peak power voltage). Maximum power varies with solar radiation, ambient temperature andsolar cell temperature.

As the graphs in figure, we see that at the different solar radiations, PV modules deliver the variations in parameters as follows:
(1) Maximum power; Pm
(2) Maximum power voltage; Vpm
(3) Open circuit voltage; Voc
(4) Maximum power current; Ipm
(5) Short circuit current; Isc
MPPT solar charge controller
A MPPT solar charge controller is the charge controller embedded with MPPT algorithm to maximize the amount of current going into the battery from PV module.

MPPT is DC to DC converter which operates by taking DC input from PV module, changing it to AC and converting it back to a different DC voltage and current to exactly match the PV module to the battery.

Examples of DC to DC converter are
•
Boost converter is power converter which DC input voltage is less than DC output voltage. That means PV input voltage is less than the battery voltage in system.
•
Buck converter is power converter which DC input voltage is greater than DC output voltage. That means PV input voltage is greater than the battery voltage in system.

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